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魯閣族原劃歸泰雅族中的賽德克亞群,2004年通過成為臺灣第十二個原住民族。其發祥地為中央山脈白石山。約三、四百年前,因人口成長、獵場不足,而跨越中央山脈遷徙至花蓮,主要分佈於秀林鄉、萬榮鄉、卓溪鄉的太魯閣溪、立霧溪、木瓜溪等河谷兩岸。因與泰雅族長久的淵源,兩族住家有相似之處,並於遷移之後發展出獨有特色。

如上所述,太魯閣族原居住於臺灣中部濁水溪上游的高山地帶,後遷徙至臺灣東部,因此,其建築略可分類為中部住家與遷移後的東部住家。

根據泰雅族與賽德克族的資料,推測太魯閣族家屋建有附屬建築,包含穀倉、豬舍與雞舍。

The Truku people were originally classified as the Sediq subgroup of the Atayal people. In 2004, they became the 12th officially recognised indigenous group in Taiwan. Its origin was from Mount Baishi in the central mountain range. About three or four hundred years ago, due to population growth and lack of hunting grounds, they migrated across the mountain ranges to Hualien, and distributed mainly in Xiulin Township, Wanrong Township, and on river valleys of Taroko River, Liwu River and Mugua River in Zhuoxi Township. According to the data of the Atayal and Sediq people, it is speculated that the Truku houses had ancillary buildings, including barns, pigsties and chicken coops.

中部半穴式住家
太魯閣族原居於中部高山地帶,與泰雅族毗鄰,爰其住屋與泰雅族中部半穴式家屋相似,係地基深挖,一半屋身位於地面之下,並以橫木堆成壁面,土石填補空隙,復以石板為頂。南投縣仁愛鄉之「巴蘭社住家」即太魯閣族「半穴式住家」的代表。

Truku Half-Underground Dwelling
Truku people originally lived in the high mountains in the central region, adjacent to the Atayal people. Their houses are similar to that of the Atayal people, which have an underground foundation, log walls and gaps filled with soil and stones.

穀倉
為高床式,主要功能防鼠、防潮隔離。平時放置鍋子、炊具、及放置地瓜、芋頭等食物之籠子。

Food Storage
It is an elevated building that prevents mice from getting in, and moisture-proof. It is a storage space for pots, cooking utensils, and food such as sweet potatoes and taros.

撰稿者:原住民族委員會原住民族文化發展中心

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